Kamar yadda mai siyar da mai siyarwa, Kuna buƙatar samun isasshen ilimin don yin siyan siyan siye mai ma'ana.
Ana iya tsara aikin siyan bawul a cikin girma guda biyar: aikin fasaha, Ingancin Ingantawa, iko, samarwa, da kuma cikakken tsarin zagayowar rayuwa.
Teburin Abubuwan Ciki
Juyawa1. Nau'ikan valve da ayyuka

1.1 Iri-iri
- Nau'in bawul: bawalar ball/bawul mai/Tsaya bawul/globe bawul, da dai sauransu.
Na farko, Dole ne ku fayyace yanayin amfani da abubuwan da ake buƙata. Babban ayyukan bawul na bawul na uku ne kawai: bude da rufewa, daidaita kwarara, kuma hana baya. Dangane da tsarin bututu daban-daban, Ana buƙatar zaɓaɓɓun bawuloli daban-daban.
Misali, Ball utves ball sun dace da ruwa da bututun gas da ke buƙatar buɗe kuma rufe da sauri; Vawuloli masu kyau sun dace da ruwa, gas, da bututun tururi wanda ke buƙatar yanayin kwarara kuma ba buƙatar buɗe kuma rufe akai-akai; da kuma duba bawuloli sun dace da bututun mai hawa ɗaya.
Ma'anar nau'in bawul shine matakin farko da ke siye bawul.
1.2 Asalin sigogi na bawul
- Nominal diamita DN: mai noman diamita na bawul ya dace da bututun; Idan diamita na gaba da baya bututun mai baya ya saba, Wajibi ne a zabi bas din hadin gwiwa (Jigtion na babban bututun da kuma kashi na reshe bututu)
- DN15-DN25: na gama gari
- DN125-DN50: Amfani da masana'antu na al'ada
- DN80-DN150: Manyan kayan masana'antu
- DN200 da sama: Manyan-sikelin ruwa
Girman Valve DN da Tebur mai Canji | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
BMAG | ||||
Nps (Inke) |
Dn (mm) |
Nps (Inke) |
Dn (mm) |
|
1/2″ | DN15 | 14″ | Dn350 | |
3/4″ | DN20 | 16″ | DN400 | |
1″ | DN25 | 18″ | DN450 | |
1-1/4″ | DN32 | 20″ | DN500 | |
1-1/2″ | Tn40 | 22″ | DN550 | |
2″ | DN50 | 24″ | Dn600 | |
2-1/2″ | DN65 | 26″ | DN650 | |
3″ | Dn80 | 28″ | DN700 | |
4″ | DN100 | 30″ | DN750 | |
5″ | DN125 | 32″ | Dn800 | |
6″ | Dn150 | 36″ | DN900 | |
8″ | DN200 | 40″ | DN1000 | |
10″ | DN250 | 44″ | Dn1100 | |
12″ | DN300 | 48″ | Dn1200 |
1.3 Hanyar haɗin kai
- flange haɗin bawul
Flange haɗin ta hanyar bolting biyu flama faranti tare don samar da wani haɗin gwiwa, Ya dace da matsin lamba da yanayin zazzabi mai zafi. Yawanci zai iya jure matsanancin matsin lamba (har zuwa 25 MPA ko fiye)

- bawul na haɗin kai
Haɗin haɗi ta amfani da intermes na zaren don haɗa bututu ko kayan aiki, Ya dace da ƙananan bututun diamita da aikace-aikacen matsin lamba.
Zaren bisa ga ka'idodi daban-daban na kasa sun kasu: Silin awo, Zaren na majalisa, Npt zare (Ztauran bututun ƙasa), BSS (Brish Standard Pice), Jis zaren (Tsarin masana'antar Jafananci), G zaren (Zaren gas), Akwatin Acme
Yawanci dacewa ga ƙananan matsin lamba (har zuwa 16 MPA)

- Batirin Balwa Balve
Butt welded hadin gwiwa ta hanyar shiga tare da walda ƙarshen sassan guda biyu na bututu mai karfi, galibi ana amfani dashi a cikin matsanancin matsin lamba da kuma yawan zafin jiki sosai.
Na iya tsayayya da babban matsin lamba (har zuwa 50 MPA)

- CLONCON haɗi
Haɗin Clam ya haɗu da bututun ta amfani da matsa, wanda yake mai sauƙin rarrabawa da kulawa, kuma ana amfani dashi sosai a abinci, magunguna, da sauran masana'antu.
Gaba daya ya dace da ƙananan matsin lamba (har zuwa 10 MPA)

Za'a zaɓi hanyar haɗin da ta dace gwargwadon matakin matsin lamba na da ake buƙata.
1.4 Hanyar bude bawul
Abubuwan bawul na bawul da bude hanyoyin sun kasu kashi: bawul bawul, bawul din lantarki, pleumatic bawul, Valve Hydraulic.
- Bawul din manual shine mafi yawan alamu a yanzu, Bawul na yau da kullun yana da nau'in kwalliya da nau'in hannu na hannu. Sun dace da mafi yawan tsarin pipping.
- Bakulan lantarki sun dace da tsarin sarrafawa na atomatik kamar HVAC, layin kayan aikin sunadarai, da yanayin bawul yana buƙatar iko na nesa
- Parumatic bawuloli sun dace da layin Majalisar Fasaha, Robot makamai, isar da isowa da feshin kayan aiki
- Hydraulic bawul din ya dace da kayan masarufi da kayan injiniya a cikin sunadarai, Marina, da masana'antu na Aerospace

2. Da sigogin wasan kwaikwayon na bawul
- Valve matsa lamba: Zu (matsakaita matsi, kamar pn16), Rarraba (LATSA, kamar aji 150).
Mai nuna alama: Matsakaicin matsin lamba (misali. Pn16 = 16 mashaya).
- Matsakaicin yawan zafin jiki: -50° C ~ 200 ° C (na al'ada), -196° C ~ 800 ° C (yanayin aiki na musamman).
Fihirisa: Yawan zazzabi na kayan gado (kamar Epdm ≤120 ° C).
- Valve mai gudana mai ƙarfi: CV / KV Darajar.


- Fasali na Leakage: ANSI Class TV / V / VI, ISO 5208 A / b / c / d.
Mai nuna alama: Dole ne Leakage (kamar aji vi ≤0.1.1 ml / min). - 5.Bude da rufe torque: bawul ≤50 N · m, bawul na lantarki ≤500 N · m.
Mai nuna alama: Drive dace.
3. Sigogi na kayan bawul
1. Vawve abu
- Kayan jiki: farin ƙarfe, jan ƙarfe, Jagorar 'yanci jan ƙarfe, RDA, Bakin ƙarfe (Kyannin WCB), bakin karfe (304/316)
Misali, Dzr Anti-Deaziwation Brass asalin abu ne na lalata, a cikin abin da zinc ya kasance mai nuna alama ce. - Kara kayan:
- Kwallan Kwallan Kwayoyin Ball
- Sonding abu: Ptfe, EXDM, Nbr, karfe mai wuya.
- Kayan kwaya

2. Jiyya na bawul: nickel farantin, Ciyar da kai, fesa.
Hanyoyin gwaji sun hada da: Astm B117 Gwajin Gwajin ≥48 hours, Fajin Tasirin Juyin Fina-Finan, launin fata mai launi da kuma Grid Grid gwajin.
4. Sigogi shigarwa
1. Shugabanci na bawul: na horizon, na daga ƙasa zuwa sama, ɗan tudu.
Misali, Duba bawul an shigar da shi tsaye, an shigar da bawuloli na al'ada a kwance.

2. Canza kayan aiki:
Matsakaicin bututu da kafaffun matsayin shigarwa kuma suna da buƙatun don girman da siffar bawul

3. Bukatun sararin samaniya:
Ajiye sararin samaniya na hannu / rike, Sarari mai aiki na shigarwa da kayan aikin cirewa, kuma shirya girman tashar jiragen ruwa.

5. Takaddun shaida da ka'idoji
1. Takaddun Samfurin:
ISO (Na gama duniya), Menene / Ped (EU), M(Birtaniya), Alamar hanya (Australiya), Krn (Kanada), 6D wuta (Bawul din bututun bututun mai), Ipmo (Kungiyar ta duniya ta bututu da na inji jami'ai).
Misali, Amurka, Kanada, da Australia suna da buƙatun magunguna don bawuloli masu kyauta.

2. Ka'idojin gwaji
a. Ka'idojin API
Api 598: Daidaitaccen gwaji na bawuloli.
Api 600: Tsarin ƙira da kuma ma'aunin gwaji don ƙofar bawul.
Api 607: Standard na gwajin wuta na bawul.
b. Matsakaicin Asme
Asme B16.34: Standard for Design, masana'anta da gwaji na bawul.
Asme B31.3: Misali don ƙirar bututun kaya, game da aikace-aikacen bawuloli.
c. Matsayi na ISO
ISO 5208: Daidaitaccen gwaji da tsauraran bawul.
ISO 10497: Standard na gwajin wuta na bawul.
ISO 9001: Tsarin tsarin gudanarwar inganci na ƙirar ƙira.
d. A Matsayi
Cikin 12266: Standard don gwada tsananin girman bawul na bawul na bawul.
Cikin 161: AIKATA AIKATAWA DON CIKIN SAUKI A CIKIN AIKI.
e. Daidai
Jis B 2002: Ka'idojin masana'antar Japan sun danganci gwajin da aikin bawuloli.

3. Bukatun daftarin aiki
Sigogi: Takardar shaidar kayan aiki (MTC), Rahoton Binciken (COC), zane.
Misali: Yadda za a tabbatar da takardar sheda ta bawul?
6. Sigogi na musamman na aiki
1. Low zazzabi bawul (Antifreeze bawul / tsohuwar tabbaci)
A cikin wuraren sanyi, Ana buƙatar maganin guba. Ta hanyar gano zafin jiki na yanayi, Lokacin da zazzabi yayi ƙasa da 3 digiri, A ruwa a cikin bututun za'a fitar dashi ta atomatik don hana bututun daga daskarewa da fatattaka
Muhawara: Bs 6364 (low zazzabi bawul).

2. High Aruwa
Kauri mai kauri shine mabuɗin sigogi don matsin lamba (misali. DN50 aji 600≈20 mm).
Gwadawa: Bishiyar Asme B16.34 (babban matsin lamba).
3. Sanjiyama
Ana amfani da Bakaryan Sanyi a Tsarin Manyan Hanyoyi da Abincin Abinci, ta amfani 304 kuma 316 bakin karfe.
Alamu: Bi 3-Matsayi na tsabta.
7. Binciken Balunda Balve
1. Kudin siyan:
Farashin sashi, MOQ (Mafi qarancin oda), hanyar biyan kuɗi (LC / tt), Kudaden sufuri suna ƙayyade farashin siyan kai tsaye na bawul din.
2. Kudin aiki:
Rayuwar Ma'aikata, Ingancin tabbaci, shigarwa yana wahala, Mitawar Kulawa, goyon baya, Kudaden musanya, da kuma farashin kaya wanda ya ƙunshi farashin aikin bawuloli.
3. Samar da hadarin sarkar:
Wajibi ne a fayyace sake zagayowar bayarwa (na al'ada 6-12 sati, fashe 4-6 sati) da kuma yanayin sufuri, kuma yana daidaita kalmomin tsoffin abubuwa.
8. Bukatun dorewa
1. Yarda da Muhalli
- Sigogi: Rohs/Kai (Ƙuntatawa abubuwan haɗari), Matsayi mai ƙarfin gwiwa.
- Na misali: ISO 14001 (Tsarin gudanarwa na muhalli).
2. Tsarin Carbon-Carbon
- Sigogi: Rage dawo da abu (≥90%), nauyi (15% Rage nauyi idan aka kwatanta da ƙirar gargajiya).

9. Kimantawa na kaya
- Zancen fasaha: Binciken damar da ke cikin OEM / ODM, rashin daidaituwa na kwarewar bawul, Takaddun shaida na Petent, Takaddun shaida.
- Ikon samarwa: Kimanta karfin samarwa (Kayan aiki na yau da kullun, fitarwa na wata-wata) da kuma umarnin data kasance ta hanyar girman shuka, Yawan kayan aiki, da yawan ma'aikata, kuma kimanta ko kimanta umarni a cikin lokaci idan ka hada kai.
- Karfin iko mai inganci: Wane irin yanayin dubawa ne na kayan aiki (kayan gwaji na matsin lamba, Kayan Gwajin Gwaji, mai ganowa, Gano Ultrasonic).
- Nazarin shari'ar: Bincika ko masu ba da izini sun aiwatar da umarni masu irin wannan samfuran iri ɗaya. Idan baku da gogewa, Kuna buƙatar ƙarin kulawa sosai dangane da haɗin gwiwa don samun haɗin gwiwar abubuwan samfuran odar da aka yi amfani da su.
- Da-siyarwa sabis: Lokacin garanti na samfurin (kullum 2-5 shekaru) Masu inganci na iya bada garantin samfuran don 10 shekaru.
- Bukatun kabuntarwa: Ko kunshin samfurin yana biyan bukatun sufuri mai nisa, kamar kwalaye da kuma pallets
- Samfurin gwaji: yana buƙatar tabbatar da cewa samfuran da mai kaya wanda ke biyan bukatun kayan, gimra, matsa lambu, bayyanawa, da dai sauransu. Ci gaba da sadarwa tare da mai siye idan an buƙaci kowane gyare-gyare bayan gwaji
Tsarin kimantawa
A cikin kimantawa na farko, Kuna iya score masu kaya, Saka ƙarin masu samar da nau'ikan iri ɗaya, kuma zaɓi mafi kyawun masu samarwa.
Factor | nauyi | Mai nuna alama | RANARSA |
---|---|---|---|
Karbuwa na fasaha | 30% | Kuskuren darajar CV / KV ≤5% | A cikin layi tare da buƙatun tsara pid |
Ingancin Ingantawa | 25% | Leakage matakin ≤class vi | Api 598 Gwajin ya wuce |
Jimlar kudin mallakar | 20% | TCO da ke ƙasa kasafin kuɗi 10% | 5 Binciken Tsarin Kudi na shekara |
Mai ba da tallafi | 15% | Otd ≥95% | Duba bayanan isar da tarihi |
Dorewa | 10% | Carbon sawun ƙafa ≥20% | Rahoton LCA |
Project Project ko kimantawa mai amfani da kayayyaki
Lokacin sanya oda a cikin na daga baya, A lokacin da fuskantar abubuwa masu inganci da yawa, Zai yi wuya a zabi, Hakanan zaka iya kimanta kwarewar masu ba da izini bisa ga alamomi daban-daban, kuma lissafa masu tayar da bawul din da suka fi dacewa da ku.
Samu abu | Mai kaya a | Mai siye B | Mai amfani c |
---|---|---|---|
Farashi | 8 | 5 | 7 |
Waranti | 10 | 6 | 6 |
Ceto | 5 | 10 | 8 |
Hanyar biyan kuɗi | 5 | 8 | 7 |
Jimlar ci | 28 | 29 | 28 |

Wannan takarda ce mai ƙimar don BMag daga abokan cinikinmu.
Abubuwan da ke sama shine bayanan da ƙwararren ƙwararren ƙwararru ya kamata su sani.
A cikin tsananin aiki tare da abubuwan da ke sama, Kisan da aka kashe ta hanyar abu zai iya taimaka wa sabon kwararrun sukan shiga don haɓakawa cikin masanin siyan.
BMAG a matsayin amintaccen abokin tarayya tare da 20 shekaru na gwaninta a cikin masana'antar bawaka mai inganci, ya kuduri aniyar isar da kyau.
